Fouling of heat exchangers and fouling of water system piping is a widespread problem In the industry water system. 在工业水系统领域普遍存在着水系统管道、换热设备结垢问题。
Since the heat resistance produced by fouling of neat exchangers is great and the energy consumption is high, the fouling of heat exchangers has brought about billions of dollars of economic losses of China industries. 换热设备积垢热阻大,能耗高,换热设备污垢使中国工业生产蒙受的损失每年达百亿元以上。
With the worse of the crude oil property, it is necessary to solve the fouling of heat exchangers in the crude distillation unit ( CDU). 随着原油性质的恶化,常减压换热器内的结垢问题亟待解决。
Because of fouling existing, the heat transmission performance of heat exchangers declines and the flowing resistance of fluid increases, which both lead to a series of economic loss finally. 由于污垢的存在,使得换热设备的传热能力下降,介质流动阻力增大,从而造成了一系列的经济损失,因此,换热设备的结垢问题受到了各国研究者的广泛关注。
However, there are fouling problems of different degree in most heat exchangers. 然而,大多数换热设备都存在着不同程度的污垢问题。
Complex energy, mass and momentum transfer occurs in the formation of the fouling of heat exchangers, accompanied with a variety of physical and chemical processes. 换热设备中污垢的形成是一个极其复杂的能量、质量和动量传递的物理化学过程。